Advice and roadmap for web programming for beginner level

Hello Mosh, I have two questions to ask you
1, I’m finished in third-year students college but I still alone and disorentiation in web development
The fact about Edtech’s major, I also learn some subject, such as:

  • Programming Technique (I learned Javascript and I’m overwhelmed with it)
  • Databases (I learn about relational algebra, entity, SQL syntax,…)
  • Data Structures and Algorithms ( I also learned Javascript and I’m overwhelmed)
  • Web Design and Programming
  • System Analysis and Design

So what key point do I need to learn and how do I learn that effectively? I need a roadmap and syllabus about it, because I don’t know how to learn and create a strategy long-term in Web programming’s field?

2, from beginner level and no basic knowledge with any programming languages, so I choose to learn Java to really think and understand how code works, and the flow of code (the goals I want to achieve is build thinking and passionate programming)
What do you think?
can you recommend what key point I need to learn about Java?