In Java, a dependency refers to a reliance of one component or module on another, which is necessary for the application to function correctly. Dependencies often include external libraries or frameworks that provide essential functionality not found in the Java language or standard libraries. Managing these dependencies is typically done using build tools like Maven or Gradle, which allow developers to specify required libraries in a configuration file (e.g., pom.xml for Maven or build.gradle for Gradle). Proper dependency management helps ensure that all necessary components are included, avoids version conflicts, and simplifies project builds and maintenance.
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